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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ULTRA-HIGH PURITY BASE METALS
PROCEEDINGS of UHPM-99
May 31 - June 4, 1999
Sendai, Japan
Edited by
Kenji Abiko
Seiichi Takaki
Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Proceedings of the sixth International Conference on Ultra High Purity Base Metals (UHPM-99) held in Sendai, Japan, May 31-June 4,1999
| Copyright © 2000, | The Japan Institute of Metals All right reserved |
| Published by | The Japan Institute of Metals Aramaki Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0845, Japan Tel: +81-22-223-3685, Fax: +81-22-223-6312 |
Contents
Preface
Ultra-Purification of Metals at CECM: Chromium-Titanium-IronJean Bigot............................................................................................1
Ultra-Purification of Electrolytic Iron by Cold-Crucible Induction Melting and Induction-Heating Floating-Zone Melting in Ultra-High VacuumSeiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko............................................................................................7
Preparation of Ultra High Purity NiobiumAlfred Koethe and Jens Ingolf Moench............................................................................................12
High Purity Niobium for Neutron Activation DetectorsJens Ingolf Moench, Ingrid Stephan and Alfred Koethe............................................................................................22
High Purity Metal Production Using Dry Refining ProcessesPoong Kim, Yasuo Mihara, Eiichi Ozawa, Yoshiharu Nozawa and Chikara Hayashi............................................................................................26
Upgrading of Copper Scrap by Evaporation ProcessTakashi Yoshida, Tetsuya Nagasaka and Mitsutaka Hino............................................................................................33
Mechanisms and Modeling of Liquid Steel Decarburization below 10 ppm CarbonHubert Saint-Raymond, D. Huin and F. Stouvenot............................................................................................38
Interest and Limitations of High Purity Base Metals and Alloys as Model Materials for Applied ResearchJean Le Coze............................................................................................43
Special Lecture
Why Do We Study Ultra-High Purity Base Metals?Kenji Abiko............................................................................................52
Fatigue Hardening and Self-Organization in MetalsAlfred Seeger............................................................................................57
Automotive Materials and Processing Technology today and for the Future --The Impact and Influence of UHPM on Automotive Materials--Kiyoshi Funatani............................................................................................58
Notes on the History of Iron and Steel Making and Processing in FinlandAntti S. Korhonen............................................................................................65
Purification of Iron and Steels a Continuous Effort from 2000 BC to AD 2000Jean Le Coze............................................................................................70
Our Planet and MetalYuichi Takayanagi............................................................................................84
Determination of Trace Amount of Gaseous Elements in Iron and Steel
Hisao Yasuhara, Makoto Shimura, Keiichi Yoshioka and Kenji Abiko............................................................................................85
Determination of Trace Amounts of Sulfur in High-Purity Iron by Infrared Absorption after Combustion: Removal of Sulfur BlankKunio Takada, Tetsuya Ashino, Yukitoshi Morimoto, Hisao Yasuhara, Mayuko Kurosaki and Kenji Abiko...............................................89
Determination of Trace Amounts of Carbon in High-Purity Iron by Infrared Absorption after Combustion: Pretreatment of Reaction Accelerator and Ceramic CrucibleTetsuya Ashino, Kunio Takada, Yukitoshi Morimoto, Hisao Yasuhara, Mayuko Kurosaki and Kenji Abiko........................................................................93
Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Amounts of Boron in High-Purity Iron and Ferroalloy after Chemical SeparationIkuo Takahashi, Mikio Ishikuro, Kunio Takada, Kenji Abiko and Kouzou Tsunoyama............................................................................................99
Neutron Activation Analysis of High-Purity Iron in Comparison with Chemical AnalysisAtsushi Kinomura, Seiichi Takaki, Yukihiro Nakano, Yoshihiko Hayashi, Yuji Horino and Kenji Abiko ..........................................103
Reference Materials for Analysis of C in High Purity IronSeiyu Ogino, Masanobu Harada, Kouzou Tsunoyama and Yukitosi Morimoto............................................................................................109
Formation of Ultra High Pure Metal Thin Films by Means of a Dry ProcessYuji Horino, Akiyoshi Chayahara, Atsushi Kinomura, Nobuteru Tsubouchi, Claire Heck and Kenji Abiko.....................................112
Formation of High Purity Films by Negative Ion Beam Sputtering Using an Ultra-high Vacuum Self-Sputtering MethodAkiyoshi Chayahara, Atsushi Kinomura, Nobuteru Tsubouchi, Claire Heck and Yuji Horino............................................................................................115
Silicon Carbide Film Growth Using Dual Isotopical 28Si− and 12C+ Ion SpeciesNobuteru Tsubouchi, Akiyoshi Chayahara, Atsushi Kinomura, Claire Heck and Yuji Horino....................................................118
Metallic Alloy Coatings Using Coaxial Vacuum Arc DepositionSung-Yong Chun, Akiyoshi Chayahara and Yuji Horino............................................................................................121
Ultrapure Materials for Ultramicro DevicesToshiyuki Yamada............................................................................................124
Role of Tungsten in the Mechanical Properties of a High-Purity Fe-50mass%Cr Alloy at 293-773 K
Seiichi Isozaki and Kenji Abiko............................................................................................127
Effects of Strain Rate and Carbon on the Stress-Strain Curves of a High-Purity Fe-50Cr Alloy at 773 KKenji Kako, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko............................................................................................130
In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy of Carbide Precipitation in Fe-50%Cr Alloys at Elevated TemperaturesJoji Ohta, Kenji Kako, Masami Mayuzumi, Hideo Kusanagi and Kenji Abiko................................................................132
Role of Carbon and Nitrogen on the Transformation of the σ Phase in Highly Purified Fe-50 mass%Cr AlloysKoji Yano and Kenji Abiko............................................................................................138
Prevention of σ Phase and Improvement of Anti-Hot Corrosion Properties of High-Chromium-Nickel Cast Steel by Reduction of Silicon and ManganeseToshimitsu Tetsui, M. Shinohara, T. Shibata and K. Kimura............................................................................................146
Mechanical Properties of a High-Purity 60 mass%Cr-Fe AlloyGaku Kanou, Nobuyuki Harima, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko............................................................................................147
Self-Diffusion in High Purity Fe-50 mass%Cr Alloy
Motohide Sugihara, Yoshihiro Yamazaki, Seiichi Takaki, Kenji Abiko and Yoshiaki Iijima............................................153
Diffusion in High Purity MetalsYoshiaki Iijima............................................................................................157
Mechanical Properties of a High-Purity Fe-9Cr-2W-0.1C Model Alloy for Low-Activation Ferritic Steels for Fusion ReactorsTakuya Nagasaka, Hiroo Yoshida, Ken-ichi Fukumoto, Takuya Yamamoto and Hideki Matsui..................................163
Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Tensile Properties in High-Purity Fe-(9-50)Cr and Fe-50Cr-xW AlloysEiichi Wakai, Akimichi Hishinuma, Yukio Miwa, Asao Ouchi, Seiichi Isozaki, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko.................................171
High-Purity Chromium Base Alloys for Fusion ApplicationAkimichi Hishinuma, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko....................................................176
Formation of Giant Columnar Grains in High-Purity Iron by Hot-Rolling
Kenji Abiko, Seiichi Takaki, Takeshi Yokota and Susumu Satoh.................................................180
Influence of Purity and Forging Temperature on the Microstructure of High-Purity IronToshifumi Ogawa, Nobuyuki Harima, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko..................................................187
A Study of the Recrystallization Mechanisms in Doped Ultra-High Purity IronLaurent Lesne, H. R´egl´e and J. H. Driver..........................................................................194
The Effect of Purity on Dynamic Recrystallization in Austenitic Stainless SteelsLaurent Gavard, Frank Montheillet and Jean Le Coze........................................................198
Modelling the Transition from Discontinuous to Continuous Dynamic Recrystallization with Decreasing Purity in AluminiumCorinne Chovet, Sophie Gourdet and Frank Montheillet...........................................201
Effects of Purity on Corrosion Behavior of Iron in Acid Solution
Takashi Kumei, Toshirou Nagoya, Wakahiro Harada, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko......................................................................205
Electrochemical Characteristics of Irons of Different Purity in Sulphuric AcidToshirou Nagoya, Wakahiro Harada, K. Shirayama, Takashi Kumei, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko.......................................................................208
Corrosion of Ultra-High Purity Aluminum in Hydrochloric AcidKikuo Matsusaka, Hiroto Osono and Takao Kino...........................................213
The use of UHP Ni and Ni Base Single Crystals to Study the Stress Corrosion Cracking Mechanisms of Alloy 600 in PWR EnvironmentT. Magnin, N. Renaudot and F. Foct............................................................................................220
The Flow-Stress Asymmetry of Ultra-Pure Molybdenum Single Crystals
Alfred Seeger and L. Hollang............................................................................................229
Comparison of Flow-Stress Measurements on High-Purity Tungsten Single Crystals with the Kink-Pair TheoryDieter Brunner............................................................................................240
Measurement of the Zener Relaxation in High-Purity FeCr Single CrystalsMichael Hirscher, U. Brossmann and R. Henes............................................................................................249
Impurity Effects in Chromium and TitaniumClyde L. Briant............................................................................................254
In-situ Observation of Transformation Behavior in High-Purity Fe-Ni Alloys
Takeshi Hidaka and Kenji Abiko............................................................................................259
High-Temperature Mechanical Properties of a High-Purity Cr-Ni AlloyMinoru Asahina, Nobuyuki Harima, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko..................................................................265
Purification of Ti-Al Alloys by Induction-Heating Floating-Zone Melting and Cold-Crucible Melting in Ultra-High VacuumTadahito Nakajima, Yukitoshi Morimoto, Seiichi Takaki and Kenji Abiko...................................................................271
Influence of Boron on the Mechanical Properties of B2-ordered FeAl AlloysAnna Fraczkiewicz............................................................................................277
Effect of Boron on Grain Boundary Fracture of Ni3AlE. P. George and David P. Pope............................................................................................281
Workshop: Round Robin on Fe 4N analysis
Presentation of the Results on C, S, O and NJean Le Coze and Kunio Takada............................................................................................282
Analytical ProcedureKunio Takada, Tetsuya Ashino, Yukitoshi Morimoto, Hisao Yasuhara, Y. Murai and Kenji Abiko.........................................................285
AUTHOR INDEX
............................................................................................289